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THE PURPOSE OF THIS ARTICLE IS TO ESTABLISH IN WHAT RESPECTS MODERN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS MAY BE SEEN AS A LEGACY OF NINETEENTH CENTURY UTILITARIAN THOUGHT. IT IS ARGUED THAT THE VIRGOROUS ATTEMPTS TO DETACH ECONOMIC ANALYSIS FROM ITS UTILITARIAN ANTECEDENTS HAVE HAD THEIR EFFECT ON THE TERMINOLOGY AND STYLE OF THEORIZING, WHILE MAINTAINING INTACT THE DEEPER CONTINUITIES WITH UTILITARIAN PHILOSOPHY.

Strategic reasoning must take place, explicitly or implicitly, within some framework, whether formal or otherwise. It is often assumed that game theory is the only formal framework for strategic analysis. However, strategic reasoning is here distinguished from its particular bases. It is suggested that formal bases other than the game theoretic one are possible. A number of weaknesses & inadequacies of game theory, both as a direct & as an indirect basis for strategic reasoning, are pointed out. (With a game theoretic model of bargaining processes which in turn serves as a framework for strategic reasoning, game theory forms an indirect basis.) An alternative approach is suggested, involving the idea of a closed loop system; & it is argued that this may serve as a more fruitful basis for strategic reasoning. IPSA.

Keynesian Economics provides a wide-ranging critical examination of the presuppositions and procedures of Keynesian analysis. The result is both a clear guide to modern macro-economic theory and policy and a revealing exercise in the recent history of ideas - ideas which are highly contentious and still deeply influential.""(Alan) Coddington made several substantive contributions to the understanding of Keynesian economics which established his fame not merely in the UK but in major centres of economics around the world."" The Times

The rise of game theory has made bargaining one of the core issues in economic theory. Written at a theoretical and conceptual level, the book develops a framework for the analysis of bargaining processes. The framework focuses on the dynamic of the bargaining process, which is in contrast to much previous theoretical work on the subject, and most notably to the approaches stemming from game theory.Chapters include:* Decision-Making and Expectations in Theories of Bargaining* Decision-Making and Expectations in a Game Theory Model* Limitations of the Environment Concep

Debates ranging from parental leave within universities to abortion rights, 'anchor babies,' racialized maternal mortality, and the continued disproportionate role of indigenous children within foster care systems demonstrate the wide range of politics informed by fertility. In this paper, I aim to prompt further academic research and personal reflection about the politics that underpin questions about fertility and the life course. There is an analytic potential and political urgency to understand these debates under the conceptual umbrella of 'political geographies of fertility,' as matters of fertility cross disciplinary and subdisciplinary boundaries and are – literally – matters of life and death. In this paper, I argue for framing fertility as a continued state of being, an anticipatory weight, that influences lives, behaviors, and politics at a variety of scales, from the border and the nation-state to academic workplaces and the body. By considering the range of spaces and scales where the politics of fertility take shape, I hope to encourage future researchers to devote attention to what gets made political through fertility – including but not limited to the biological events of reproduction.

In this piece, I consider the uncomfortable and intimate intersection of bodies and borders through an autoethnographic account of encountering UK migration controls while losing a pregnancy. While this encounter was not representative of the disproportionate targeting of refused asylum seeker and undocumented migrants by these policies, I argue that migrant fertility has become a key lens through which the embodiment of the border is made material, and that the post-2012 deployment of a UK-wide set of policies generating a "Hostile Environment" for migrants demonstrates how the UK is embracing discomfort as a political strategy to deter migrants. Migrant fertility becomes perceived as an anticipatory threat to the body politic that must be continually pre-empted by the state. The restrictive policies of the UK's hostile environment have exacerbated the perceived threat of fertile migrants, and that the threat posed by these migrants has become both racialized and medicalized, with multi-scalar, material consequences for migrants.

"Amid the torrent of information we receive every day, aggregation of previously reported stories allows readers to streamline, summarize, and process the news. While aggregation in one form or another has been part of journalism since the nineteenth century, it has taken on a new prominence and influence in today's media ecosystem While aggregation practices are increasingly being adopted by new digital entities and leading news organizations via news apps, e-mail newsletters, and other formats, they are denigrated by journalists as not "real" journalism and inferior to reporting. More recently, aggregation has been viewed with suspicion as a practice that allows for the news to be repackaged in ways that reflect political bias. Despite the tendency of some aggregators to distort the news, whether for the purpose of clicks or politics, aggregation, Coddington argues, serve an important purpose in the contemporary news environment. Given that aggregation is likely here to stay, journalists and readers need to develop practices to better understand and improve its implementation and influence. Coddington's work is based on his fieldwork and interviews with aggregators at five different news organizations, including both startups and legacy media organizations that use aggregation. The book focuses on how aggregators make decisions on what to publish, how they create narrative, how they understand their audiences, and how they view their own work"--